title Factor

Subject Referenced

Who or what is the main subject of the title. Titles can center the politician themselves, their opponent, a policy issue, or a third party like a witness or agency head.

Self-referencing titles struggle on YouTube because viewers don't yet care about you — they care about the topic. Opponent-referencing titles tap into existing search interest and tribal engagement. Policy-centered titles attract issue-motivated viewers who tend to watch longer.

Each value below shows two numbers when available: Regular/Shorts is the effect on a typical video, and Top 10% is the effect on videos in the top 10% of views (from a quantile regression). Use the Top 10% column to see factors that disproportionately help videos that go big.

Bipartisan

Regular +5% Shorts +11% Top 10% -30% not significant p = 0.389 · vs. average

Real examples from the dataset

Institution

Regular +5% Shorts +12% Top 10% +3% not significant p = 0.445 · vs. average

Real examples from the dataset

Opponent

Regular +5% Shorts +2% Top 10% +16% not significant p = 0.641 · vs. average

The title centers a political adversary — an opposing politician, party, or figure. Leverages the opponent's name recognition and viewer interest in conflict.

Real examples from the dataset

Self

+0% views not significant p = 1.000 · vs. average

The title centers the politician as the main subject. Common on official channels but can feel self-promotional to YouTube viewers who don't know the politician.

Real examples from the dataset

Policy

+0% views not significant p = 1.000 · vs. average

The title centers a specific policy, bill, or issue rather than any individual. Attracts viewers searching for information on the topic.

Example title

The $35 Insulin Cap: What It Actually Means for You

Third Party

+0% views not significant p = 1.000 · vs. average

The title centers someone other than the politician or a direct opponent — a witness, agency head, expert, or constituent. Often used in hearing clips.

Example title

Watch This Veteran Tell Congress What VA Hospitals Are Really Like

Other

+0% views Top 10% +61% not significant p = 1.000 · vs. average

Nobody

-1% views Top 10% -11% not significant p = 0.968 · vs. average

Real examples from the dataset

Constituent

Regular -9% Shorts -16% Top 10% -14% SIGNIFICANT p = 0.036 · vs. average

Real examples from the dataset